Yes, MAPEI's Type 1 adhesive and Premium Mortar for tile and stone can be used to set tile over cement board and fiber cement board.

Important: If Mapelastic AquaDefense membrane has been used to waterproof the cement board, a premixed adhesive cannot be used.

After creating a slope with a fresh mud bed using MAPEI's 4 to 1 Mud Bed Mix, the area should be allowed to cure for at least 24 hours per inch (centimeter) plus one day before application of MAPEI's Mapelastic AquaDefense. For example, if the mud bed is at 2" (5 cm) depth at its highest level, then you must wait three days before the application of Mapelastic AquaDefense. Curing time is based on a temperature of 73°F (23°C). Cooler temperatures will require longer curing times. If your project is on a fast track, consider Planislope RS mortar, which can receive waterproofing in a matter of hours.

For most trowels used for floor-covering installations, the correct angle to hold the trowel is 45 degrees to the floor. There is a reason for this angle. First, the angle creates a bit of a hydraulic pumping action by compressing the liquid adhesive and forcing it through the notches. If you were to hold the trowel at a 90-degree angle to the subfloor, you wouldn’t get the compressing action and would just cut through the adhesive on the floor. Without the compression from the 45-degree angle placement, the adhesive may actually skip through the trowel notches and leave you with an undesirable result.

Adding air to the concrete (air entrainment) allows the concrete to withstand freezing and thawing cycles as it provides room for the water present in concrete to expand without putting stresses on the concrete itself.

ACI provides guidelines as suggestions or recommendations on the water content to provide the desired compressive strength. Never add more water than what is necessary to provide the desired workability. More water equals lowered strength.

MAPEI's Ultracolor Plus FA and Ultracolor Plus Max grouts are a great choice for grouting installations of pebble stone and river-rock mosaics.

The reason for so many trowel types is that there are so many flooring types. Think about what is being installed: Everything from thin vinyl sheet to 3/4" solid hardwood flooring. Each flooring material has unique properties. For example, a thin vinyl sheet is very flexible, so you don’t want heavy trowel notches on the floor as they will show through to the surface of the vinyl (an effect called “telegraphing”). So for thin resilient flooring, we typically recommend very finely notched towels. Wood flooring, on the other hand, has a variable backing structure. Some can be smooth and others grooved or cross-cut, so you need a trowel notch that can lift and shape the adhesive in such a way that it comes into solid contact with the flooring material. Further, wood flooring is very rigid and does not bend or conform to the subfloor. Therefore you need to use a trowel notch that accommodates for subfloor flatness and still brings the adhesive into contact with the back of the flooring. Using a thin-notched trowel for this would not allow for proper adhesive transfer. The same thing is true of broadloom carpet. Typically broadloom carpet has a rough-textured backing. In order to get proper performance out of a carpet installation, you need to make sure that the adhesive gets into this texture and that is why this application includes recommended trowel notches that create high ridges. In summary, smooth-backed flooring materials are typically installed using finely notched trowels while texture-backed materials get installed with larger-notch trowels.

New cement board will often come with a fine dust on the surface of the board. So, it is very important to clean the surface of the cement board and to allow the surface to dry before applying Mapelastic AquaDefense. Usually, wiping the cement board with a damp (not wet) sponge will effectively remove the dust.

Ready-to-use tile adhesives such as MAPEI's Type 1 and Premium Mortar for tile and stone require a porous substrate to cure properly. They should not be installed over a waterproofing membrane.

The answer to this question depends on what substrate you are working over. If you are installing adhesives over soft surfaces like plywood, then a trowel can last quite a while. If you are installing over a concrete or hard, abrasive surface, then a trowel may last about 2,000 square feet before the notches wear down. An installer may think that this is a good thing because his coverage will get better per gallon of adhesive, but in the end this is not a good situation as there may not be enough adhesive on the floor for proper bonding. Some trowels may last longer, but this is always something to check before getting started on any given flooring project: Make sure that your trowel is in good condition and will deliver the right amount of adhesive required for the project.

There are many causes for cracking in concrete. Concrete goes through many changes as it hydrates or hardens. Allowing the concrete to harden and achieve strength before these stresses arise will eliminate a large portion of these cracks. Proper curing, a good mix design, use of shrinkage-reducing admixtures and the addition of fibers are all good ways to help minimize some types of cracking.

When applying MAPEI's Mapelastic AquaDefense, it is important to allow it to dry in between coats. It is also important to avoid applying Mapelastic AquaDefense too thick. When applying Mapelastic AquaDefense over a mud bed, the mud bed must be dry before application. After using MAPEI's 4 to 1 Mud Bed Mix, the area should be allowed to cure for at least 24 hours per inch (centimeter) plus one day before application of Mapelastic AquaDefense. For example, if the mud bed is at 2" (5 cm) depth at its highest level, then you must wait three days before the application of Mapelastic AquaDefense. Curing time is based on 73°F (23°C). Cooler temperatures will require longer curing times. If your project is on a fast track, consider Planislope RS mortar, which can receive waterproofing in a matter of hours.